Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu emasimini amantongomane yilezi: amabala amaqabunga, ukubola kwezimpande, ukubola kwesiqu, ama-aphid, i-cotton bollworm, izinambuzane ezingaphansi komhlaba, njll.
Uhlelo lokususa ukhula ensimini yamakinati:
Ukhula lwensimu yamakinati lukhuthaza ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi ngemva kokuhlwanyela nangaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Singakhetha i-Metolachlor EC engu-0.8-1L ngehekthare ngalinye,
noma 2-2.5L 330 g/L Pendimethalin EC ngehektare njll.
Ama-herbicides angenhla kufanele afuthwe ngokulinganayo emhlabathini ngemva kokuhlwanyelwa kwamantongomane nangaphambi kokuvela, futhi amantongomane kufanele ambozwe ngefilimu ngokushesha ngemva kokufakwa.
Ukwelashwa kwesiqu namaqabunga ngemva kokuhluma, ama-300-375 ml ngehektha ngalinye lama-15% e-Quizalofop-ethyl EC, noma ama-300-450 ml ngehektha ngalinye lama-108 g/L e-Haloxyfop-P-ethyl EC angasetshenziswa esigabeni samahlamvu angu-3-5 okhula lotshani;
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamaqabunga ama-2-4 otshanini, kungasetshenziswa ama-300-450 ml ngehektha ngalinye le-10% Oxyfluorfen EC ukulawula ukufutha eziqwini zamanzi namaqabunga.
Uhlelo lokulawula oluhlanganisiwe ngesikhathi sokukhula
1. Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela yisikhathi esibalulekile sokulawula ngempumelelo izinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Inkinga enkulu isekuphathweni nasekuvinjelweni kwembewu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izibulala-zinambuzane ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ezinobuthi obuphansi, nezihlala isikhathi eside ukulawula izifo zezimpande kanye nezinambuzane ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Singakhetha u-22% Thiamethoxam+2% Metalaxyl-M+ 1% Fludioxonil FS 500-700ml ukuxuba nembewu engu-100kg.
Noma u-3% we-Difenoconazole+32% we-Thiamethoxam+3% we-Fludioxonil FS 300-400ml uxuba nembewu engu-100kgs.
Ezindaweni lapho izinambuzane ezingaphansi komhlaba zimbi kakhulu, singakhetha u-0.2%
I-Clothianidin GR 7.5-12.5kg. Faka ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela amantongomane, bese uhlwanyela ngemva kokuhhula umhlabathi ngokulinganayo.
Noma i-3% Phoxim GR 6-8kg, ifakwa ngesikhathi kuhlwanyelwa.
Imbewu egqokisiwe noma emboziwe kufanele ihlwanyelwe ngemva kokomisa uqweqwe lwembewu, okungcono kungakapheli amahora angama-24.
2. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma kuya esikhathini sokuqhakaza
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izifo eziyinhloko amabala amaqabunga, ukubola kwezimpande kanye nesifo sokubola kwesiqu. Singakhetha u-750-1000ml ngehekthare elingu-8% i-Tebuconazole +22% i-Carbendazim SC, noma u-500-750ml ngehekthare elingu-12.5% i-Azoxystrobin +20% i-Difenoconazole SC, sifafaza ngesikhathi sokuqala kwesifo.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinambuzane eziyinhloko yi-Aphis, i-Cotton bollworm kanye nezinambuzane ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Ukuze silawule ama-aphid kanye ne-cotton bollworm, singakhetha ama-300-375ml ngehektha ngalinye le-2.5% Deltamethrin EC, sifafaze ngesikhathi sokuqala kwe-Aphis kanye nesigaba sesithathu sokuqala se-cotton bollworm.
Ukuze silawule izinambuzane ezingaphansi komhlaba, singakhetha i-1-1.5kg ye-15%Chlorpyrifos GR noma i-1.5-2kg ye-1% Amamectin +2% Imidacloprid GR, esakazwayo.
3. Isikhathi se-pod kuya esikhathini sokuvuthwa kwezithelo ezigcwele
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa okuxubile (i-insecticide + fungicide + plant growth regulator) ngesikhathi sokusetha i-peanut pod, okungalawula ngempumelelo izifo nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene ezigabeni eziphakathi nezisekupheleni, kuvikele ukukhula okuvamile kwamaqabunga e-peanut, kuvimbele ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi kuthuthukise ukuvuthwa.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izifo eziyinhloko amabala amaqabunga, ukubola kwesiqu, isifo sokugqwala, izinambuzane eziyinhloko yi-cotton bollworm kanye ne-aphis.
Singakhetha u-300-375ml ngehektha elilodwa lika-2.5% we-Deltamethrin + 600-700ml ngehektha elilodwa lika-18% we-Tebucanozole + 9% we-Thifluzamide SC+ 150-180ml we-0.01% we-Brassinolide SL, Ukufutha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-23-2022
